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KMID : 0352720190430010125
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Journal of Ginseng Research
2019 Volume.43 No. 1 p.125 ~ p.134
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Protective effects of Korean Red Ginseng against sub-acute immobilization stress-induced testicular damage in experimental rats
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Lee Sang-Ho
Choi Kyung-Hwa
Cha Kyu-Min
Hwang Seock-Yeon
Park Un-Kyu
Jeong Min-Sik
Hong Jae-Yup
Han Chang-Kyun
In Gyo
Kopalli Spandana Rajendra
Kim Si-Kwan
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Abstract
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Background: Excessive stress causes varied physiological and psychological disorders including male reproductive problems. Here, we attempted to investigate the protective effects of Korean Red Ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer; KRG) against sub-acute immobilization stress-induced testicular damage in experimental rats.
Methods: Male rats (age, 4 wk; weight, 60?70 g) were divided into four groups (n = 8 in each group): normal control group, immobilization control group, immobilization group treated with 100 mg/kg of KRG daily, and immobilization group treated with 200 mg/kg of KRG daily. Normal control and immobilization control groups received vehicle only. KRG (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) was mixed in the standard diet powder and fed daily for 6 mo. Parameters such as organ weight, blood chemistry, sperm kinematic values, and expression levels of testicular-related molecules were measured using commercially available kits, Western blotting, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Data revealed that KRG restored the altered testis and epididymis weight in immobilization stress-induced rats significantly (p < 0.05). Further, KRG ameliorated the altered blood chemistry and sperm kinematic values when compared with the immobilization control group and attenuated the altered expression levels of spermatogenesis-related proteins (nectin-2, cAMP responsive element binding protein 1, and inhibin-?), sex hormone receptors (androgen receptor, luteinizing hormone receptor, and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor), and antioxidant-related enzymes (glutathione S-transferase m5, peroxiredoxin-4, and glutathione peroxidase 4) significantly in the testes of immobilization stress-induced rats.
Conclusion: KRG protected immobilization stress-induced testicular damage and fertility factors in rats, thereby indicating its potential in the treatment of stress-related male sterility.
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KEYWORD
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androgen, glutathione, immobilization stress, inhibin, Korean Red Ginseng
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